Currently, the biodiesel policy has become one of Indonesia’s priority projects that was motivated to achieve economic, energy security, and environmental goals. However, the policy has raised concerns for its high and long-term environmental and social impacts due to its current feedstock of palm oil which is associated with high GHG emissions caused by deforestation and peat loss from land-use change and fires. Thus, an attractive alternative feedstock for biodiesel production is the Used Cooking Oil (UCO).

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